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Resources: Past Presentations

Past Presentations on Taxonomies or Controlled Vocabularies given at ASI meetings.

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Presentations at National Conferences of the American Society for Indexing

ASI 44th Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA, April 19-21, 2011

Pre-conference Workshop: Taxonomy and Thesaurus Creation
Presenter: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management

This workshop provides the information and practice needed to start working on creating taxonomies and thesauri. Short practical exercises will be interspersed among the topics. The workshop also includes demonstrations of thesaurus management software: MultiTes, Synaptica, and Data Harmony. Outline: Introduction, Definitions, Term relationships, Wording of terms and their variants, Facets and categories, Sources for terms, Software, Project processes, Related topics, Types of work available, and Resources.

Seminar 6: Indexing, Metadata, and Search: Creating a compass for Technical Documentation Using Index Entries
Presenter: Ronnie Seagren, IBM

Creating a compass for technical documentation using index entries This case study looks at IBM's experience of using indexes to make online technical documentation easier to find.IBM uses both controlled and uncontrolled metadata: a high-level taxonomy to classify content by subject, and detailed index entries for what topics are about. The presentation will discuss the online indexing guidelines,processes for authoring and editing index entries, and tools for index editing. The index entries are also used to help improve searches.


ASI 43rd Annual Meeting, Providence, RI, April 28-30, 2011

Pre-conference Workshop: Taxonomy and Thesaurus Creation
Presenter: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management

This workshop provides the information and practice needed to start working on creating taxonomies and thesauri. Short practical exercises will be interspersed among the topics. The workshop also includes demonstrations of thesaurus management software: MultiTes, Synaptica, and Data Harmony. Outline: Introduction, Definitions, Term relationships, Wording of terms and their variants, Facets and categories, Sources for terms, Software, Project processes, Related topics, Types of work available, and Resources.

Seminar 16: Controlled Vocabularies and Indexing in Large Operations
Panelists: Kristi Reilly, The New York Times; Mark Gauthier, H.W. Wilson; Mark Hyer, ProQuest; James Whitfield, American Psychological Association
Moderator: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management

This panel presents periodical/database indexing from the database vendor/publisher side, comprising:
- An overview of the taxonomy and indexing operations at The New York Times website
- The role of controlled vocabularies and metadata in enhancing delivery of highly relevant results, taking into consideration indexing philosophy, grammar and syntax of subject headings, relevance-ranking algorithms, and "more like this" searching at H.W. wilson
- The "deep indexing" process of tables, figures, charts, graphs, and maps to provide granular access to scientific, technical, and medical (STM) article content at ProQuest
- APA's approach to tightly controlled vocabulary, the research that goes into addition of terms, use of machine-aided indexing to bring about consistency, and rigorous training for indexers.

Seminar 17: Shaking the Tree: Case Studies of Taxonomies in Action
Panelists: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management; Ceilyn Boyd; Jan Wright, Wright Information Indexing Services; Christine Connors, TriviumRLG
Moderator: Seth Maislin, Potomac Indexing

Learn by example at this inside look at the work performed by taxonomists. Using a series of short case studies, the members of the taxonomy panel will demonstrate what in-use taxonomies really look like, how they're managed, and what they do.

Poster: Thesauri & Taxonomies: A Comparison
Presenter: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management
This poster compares and contrasts thesauri and hierarchical taxonomies, with examples, comprising definitions, similarities and differences. Differences include purpose, features, standards, uses, focus, and display formats.


ASI 42nd Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, MN, May 13-15, 2010

Pre-conference Workshop: Taxonomy and Thesaurus Creation
Presenter: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management

This workshop provides the information and practice needed to start working on creating taxonomies and thesauri. Short practical exercises will be interspersed among the topics. The workshop also includes demonstrations of thesaurus management software: MultiTes, Synaptica, and Data Harmony. Outline: Introduction, Definitions, Term relationships, Wording of terms and their variants, Facets and categories, Sources for terms, Software, Project processes, Related topics, Types of work available, and Resources.

Seminar 2: How Note to Taxonomize
Presenter: Alice Redmond-Neal, Access Innovations, Inc.

Individual style is great, but not in controlled vocabularies. Learn taxonomic fundamentals - the classic must-haves that follow the standards of taxonomy construction and never go out of style. Discover how to select terms and then tailor them to create a taxonomy with balance and flair. See gaffes revealed that a self-respecting taxonomist should never be caught in. Take the mystery out of putting together a taxonomy that looks great, functions fabulously, and flatters you as the taxonomist by following a short set of essential rules.

Poster: Thesaurus Creation vs. Index Creation
Presenter: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management
As an introduction to the field of taxonomies and thesauri, this poster presentation lists and gives examples of the similarities and difference between creating thesauri and creating an index in three key areas:
1. Creating multiple points of entry: double-posts or See references in an index and as non-preferred terms in a thesaurus.
2. Creating structure: main entry/subentry combinations in an index and hierarchical (broader term/narrower term) relationship in a thesaurus.
3. Pointing out related concepts: See also references in an index and related terms in a thesaurus. A few other topics of comparison will be listed as bullets.


ASI 41st Annual Meeting, Portland, OR, April 23-29, 2009

Pre-conference Workshop: Building Taxonomies from the Group Up
Presenter: Alice Redmond-Neal, Access Innovations, Inc.

A well-built taxonomy is part of the foundation of the information architecture underlying websites and corporate intranets, connecting search queries to relevant content in databases. This session covers the rules for taxonomy construction, explores terms and source materials, and explains each part of the term record. We look at the internal relationships between terms in a taxonomy and learn established standards for taxonomy and thesaurus construction. We will work on multiple hands-on exercises demonstrating various aspects of taxonomy construction and then build a mini-taxonomy. We will also look briefly at taxonomy management software.

Seminar 7: Morphing Many Books into One Taxonomy
Presenter: Alice Redmond-Neal, Access Innovations, Inc.

As more traditional print publishers migrate their content online, they seek alternative ways for searchers to find information. A taxonomy can provide the basis for transitioning from "What page for a reference?" to "What URL for a topic?" This session reviews our journey combining numerous individual book indexes across diverse topic areas into one comprehensive taxonomy to support online search. The transformation required appreciation for how the book indexes function and solid skills in taxonomy/thesaurus construction. We consider some of the unusual challenges in the task and see how the final product draws upon fundamental tenets in taxonomy construction.

Seminar 24: Taxonomies to Internet 2.0
Jenny Benevento, Controlled Vocabulary Developer, Associated Press

Library Science was quick to attempt indexing solutions on the early Web, but cataloging the increasing amount of information in diverse formats has become more difficult as time has gone on. User-generated tagging prevailed on many websites until recently. Learn how some websites are using traditional and faceted categorization online, and how indexers can put their skills to work on Web 2.0.

Not specifically on taxonomy, but on the topic of sorting:

Seminar 6: A Is for Arbitrary
Presenter: Seth Maislin, managing partner of Potomac Indexing & independent consultant in information architecture and taxonomy

Alphabetical order, despite its illusory appearance of being easy to implement, is a terrible way to organize things. We don't think, talk, or act alphabetically, nor are we limited to the alphabet when we think, talk, and act. Let's take 45 minutes to explore all of the other, better sorting options, learn how to implement them practically, and find lots of good excuses to abandon the boring A to Zzzzz.


ASI 40th Annual Meeting, Denver, CO, April 30 - May 3, 2008

Pre-conference Workshop: Taxonomy and Thesaurus Creation
Presenter: Heather Hedden, Hedden Information Management

This workshop provides the information and practice needed to start working on creating taxonomies and thesauri. Short practical exercises will be interspersed among the topics. The workshop also includes demonstrations of thesaurus management software: MultiTes, Synaptica, and Data Harmony. Outline: Introduction, Definitions, Term relationships, Wording of terms and their variants, Facets and categories, Sources for terms, Software, Project processes, Related topics, Types of work available, and Resources.


ASI 39th Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, May 24-26, 2007

Pre-conference Workshop 2: Creating Taxonomies and Controlled Vocabularies
Presenter: Fred Leise, ContextualAnalysis, LLC

Users face many problems when trying to find information on a website or Intranet. They are often overwhelmed with long lists of search results or are stopped in their tracks when their searches produce no results at all. This workshop will help you understand the importance of proper taxonomy and controlled vocabulary (CV) development and will provide you with methods and techniques for creating taxonomies. We will cover such topics as: uses and roles of taxonomies; a user-centric methodology for creating CVs; understanding business, user and content contexts; validation techniques; and governance and maintenance issues.

Breakout Session 3: Matching Authorities and Presentation: Pre- and Post-Coordinate Indexing
Presenter: Patricia B. Carlson, Alexander Street Press, LLC

Indexing term styles may be pre- or post-coordinate, but so may index presentations. Significant issues can arise when terms are mismatched to presentation, in both the print and online environments. This talk examines the choice of authority/terminology and the presentation of terms to enhance the usability of an index.

Breakout Session 6: Use of Indexes in Social Networking Applications
Presenter: Ilana Kingsley, University of Alaska Fairbanks

Social networking tools, such as blogs, wikis, bookmarking, and tagging have become mainstream Web applications. This presentation will give an overview of social networking tools that use indexes or index-like systems.

Breakout Session 9: Student Research Habits and the Future of Subject Indexing
Presenter: Mary L. Onorato, Thomson Gale

How do online database publishers investigate the research habits of students in post-secondary institutions, and what have they discovered? What might be the implications of these findings for the future of subject indexing? A product manager from Thomson Gale reviews the results of a recent market research project and discusses various ways these results can impact decisions about subject indexing.


ASI 38th Annual Meeting and joint meeting with the Indexing and Abstracting Society fo Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, June 15-17, 2006

Pre-conference Workshop 5: Developing Enterprise Taxonomies
Presenter: Seth Earley, Earley & Associates

With their existing skills and experience, indexers can development taxonomies that address a variety of challenges that organizations face when trying to make intranet and web content more accessible to users. In this session, you'll learn how to position yourself and your capabilities to take on more consulting projects in the areas of content and knowledge management. What are the ways that taxonomies can be applied to search and navigation problems? What is the structure of a taxonomy project? Using hands-on exercises and case examples, this session will deliver high-value, actionable, and tangible tips on taxonomy development and application of metadata to problems of content and concerns about document and knowledge management. Specific topics include how to derive project requirements, auditing sources for taxonomy terms, dealing with ambiguous terms, faceted classification, best practices and rules of thumb for construction and validation of the taxonomy, and how different taxonomies can be mapped through associative term relationships.

Breakout Session 5: Indexing and Bilingual Thesaurus Construction
Presenter: Meral Alakus

Meral will explore the challenges that are unique to designing thesauri in multilingual environments, as well as related challenges in book and journal indexing, database indexing, and Web indexing. She will also explore a special bilingual thesaurus project in both Turkish and English languages on women's studies called the "Women's Thesaurus."

Breakout Session 12: The Process of Building Taxonomies
Presenter: Seth Earley, Earley & Associates

Taxonomy development involves an emphasis on user tasks and an understanding of various audience perspectives, as well as their contexts and processes. In this session, we'll go through the steps to deriving a taxonomy and explore case examples in taxonomy development.

Breakout Session 14: Designing for Online Findability
Presenter: Fred Brown

In this hands-on workshop, we take a vacation from the high-pressure world of book indexing to explore how indexing principles can assist website and intranet users find information. We explore six proven strategies. The focus is on tools for individual web and intranet sites using such techniques as labeling, hypertext links, web indexing, taxonomies, metadata, and topic maps. We begin by cruising websites in different countries before having some "play time" by designing navigation aids ourselves.


ASI 37th Annual Meeting, Pasadena, CA, May 12-14, 2005

Pre-conference Workshop 3: Introduction to Metadata and Controlled Vocabularies
Presenter: Fred Leise, ContextualAnalysis, LLC

Metadata and controlled vocabularies provide users with improved search results. This basic workshop is an introduction to using the indexing skills of content analysis and term selection to expand the indexer’s expertise to encompass creating controlled vocabularies. Participants will learn what metadata is and how it is used, as well as how controlled vocabularies are developed in the context of content management systems. The workshop includes a number of hands-on exercises.

Pre-conference Workshop 7: Practical Design of Controlled Vocabularies
Presenter: Fred Leise, ContextualAnalysis, LLC

This advanced workshop introduces a user-centered methodology for creating controlled vocabularies. Through hands-on exercises, participants will explore the specifics of the methodology (e.g., content analysis and initial vocabulary development, including free-listing and card-sorting) and will begin to actually build a controlled vocabulary based on a corpus of sample content. This workshop can be taken as a stand-alone, but participants’ learning experience will be enriched if they also take Fred’s morning workshop, which is a comprehensive introduction to the concepts and terminology used in the afternoon workshop.

Word Association Testing and Thesaurus Construction
Presenter: Louise Spiteri, School of Library and Information Studies, Dalhousie University

This presentation is targeted to an audience familiar with the principles of thesaurus construction. It examines the use of word association tests to generate user-derived descriptors, descriptor hierarchies, and categories of inter-term relationships. Thirty Library and Information Science practitioners were asked to provide response words for 15 stimulus terms and to describe how the response and stimulus terms are inter-related. The word association test successfully generated a set of user-derived descriptors. Participants identified 20 types of inter-term relationships, the most commonly cited of which are Type, Part, Synonym, Activity, and Tool. Word association tests can be used to examine how users group and inter-relate terms they commonly associate with any given concept.


ASI 36th Annual Meeting, Alexandria, VA, May 13-15, 2004

Pre-conference Workshop: Thesaurus Workshop
Presenter: Bella Haas Weinberg

Thesaurus Design for Semantic Information Management is a full-day workshop that introduces the design of controlled vocabularies for indexing and searching. Topics to be covered include semantic relationships, thesaurus format, screen display, and the conversion of the cross-references of frequently revised books to thesaurus structure. There will be a hands-on exercise during the workshop. Computer-assisted techniques of thesaurus development and natural language search strategies will be discussed (but not demonstrated).

Poster Session 4:Indexing and Vocabulary Development
Presenter: Susan Kelsch

Indexing and thesaurus development are long-standing topics of discussion in library and information science graduate programs. However, these have taken on new importance with the emergence of document processing techniques and the ongoing debate about the use of the Internet in retrieving and delivering information. This poster will identify university researchers and projects that focus on indexing and thesaurus construction.

Plenary Session: Enterprise-Wide Taxonomies
Presenter: Denise Bedford, World Bank

The World Bank will share its experience working with and harmonizing different types of taxonomies to create an enterprise-wide logical and physical taxonomy architecture. We’ll also look at how this approach can help you to manage your content, while still maintaining the flexibility you need to integrate future advances in information technology.

Presentations at ASI Chapter Meetings

"From Indexer to Accidental Taxonomist"
presented by Heather Hedden
October 16, 2010, Lexington, MA
New England Chapter


"The Freelance Taxonomy Business"
Presented by Heather Hedden
April 5, 2008, Chelmsford, MA
New England Chapter

"Everything Is Illuminated: the Mysteries of Controlled Vocabularies Explained"
presented by Linda Dunn
October 20, 2007, Richmond, IN
Heartland Chapter Chapter

"Introduction to Controlled Vocabularies" (four-hour workshop)
presented by Fred Leise
October 6, 2007, Denver, CO
Rocky Mountain Chapter

"Indexing for an Audience: Where You'll Find New Opportunities" (Knowledge Management)
Presented by Lynda Moulton
March 24, 2007, Chelmsford, MA
New England Chapter

"Taxonomies, Indexing, Search and Navigation: Connecting the Dots"
presented by Seth Earley
"Indexers Evolve: Hands-on Learning Opportunities in Semantic Integration"
presented by Jean Graef
September 24, 2005, Worcester, MA
New England Chapter

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